THE FOUR “UNITED STATES”

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It is very important to understand that there are THREE separate and distinct CONTEXTS in which the term “United States” can be used, and each has a mutually exclusive and different meaning. These three definitions of “United States” were described by the U.S. Supreme Court in Hooven and Allison v. Evatt, 324 U.S. 652 (1945):


Table 1: Geographical terms used throughout this page

Term	# in diagrams	Meaning
United States*	1	The country “United States” in the family of nations throughout the world.
United States**	2	The “federal zone”.
United States***	3	Collective states of the Union mentioned throughout the Constitution.

In addition to the above GEOGRAPHICAL context, there is also a legal, non-geographical context in which the term “United States” can be used, which is the GOVERNMENT as a legal entity. Throughout this page and this website, we identify THIS context as “United States****” or “United States⁴“. The only types of “persons” within THIS context are public offices within in the national and not state government. It is THIS context in which “sources within the United States” is used for the purposes of “income” and “gross income” within the Internal Revenue Code, as proven by:

Nonresident Alien Position, Form #05.020, Sections 6 and 7 DIRECT LINK: http://sedm.org/Forms/MemLaw/NonresidentAlienPosition.pdf FORMS PAGE: http://sedm.org/Forms/FormIndex.htm

The reason these contexts are not expressly distinguished in the statutes by the Legislative Branch or on government forms crafted by the Executive Branch is that they are the KEY mechanism by which:

1. Federal jurisdiction is unlawfully enlarged by abusing presumption, which is a violation of due process of law. See: Presumption: Chief Weapon for Unlawfully Enlarging Federal Jurisdiction, Form #05.007 DIRECT LINK: http://sedm.org/Forms/MemLaw/Presumption.pdf FORMS PAGE: http://sedm.org/Forms/FormIndex.htm
2. The separation of powers between the states and the national government is destroyed, in violation of the legislative intent of the Constitution. See: Government Conspiracy to Destroy the Separation of Powers Doctrine, Form #05.023 DIRECT LINK: http://sedm.org/Forms/MemLaw/SeparationOfPowers.pdf FORMS PAGE: http://sedm.org/Forms/FormIndex.htm
3. A “society of law” is transformed into a “society of men” in violation of Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137 (1803):

   “The government of the United States has been emphatically termed a government of laws, and not of men. It will certainly cease to deserve this high appellation, if the laws furnish no remedy for the violation of a vested legal right.” [Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137, 163 (1803)]

4. Exclusively PRIVATE rights are transformed into public rights in a process we call “invisible eminent domain using presumption and words of art”.
5. Judges are unconstitutionally delegated undue discretion and “arbitrary power” to unlawfully enlarge federal jurisdiction. See: Federal Jurisdiction, Form #05.018 DIRECT LINK: http://sedm.org/Forms/MemLaw/FederalJurisdiction.pdf FORMS PAGE: http://sedm.org/Forms/FormIndex.htm

The way a corrupted Executive Branch or judge accomplish the above is to unconstitutionally:

1. PRESUME that ALL of the four contexts for “United States” are equivalent.
2. PRESUME that CONSTITUTIONAL citizens and STATUTORY citizens are EQUIVALENT under federal law. They are NOT. A CONSTITUTIONAL citizen is a “non-citizen national” under federal law and NOT a “citizen of the United States”. Why You are a “national”, “state national”, and Constitutional but not Statutory Citizen, Form #05.006 DIRECT LINK: http://sedm.org/Forms/MemLaw/WhyANational.pdf FORMS PAGE: http://sedm.org/Forms/FormIndex.htm
3. PRESUME that “nationality” and “domicile” are equivalent. They are NOT. See: Why Domicile and Becoming a “taxpayer” Require Your Consent, Form #05.002 DIRECT LINK: http://sedm.org/Forms/MemLaw/Domicile.pdf FORMS PAGE: http://sedm.org/Forms/FormIndex.htm
4. Use the word “citizenship” in place of “nationality” OR “domicile”, and refuse to disclose WHICH of the two they mean in EVERY context.
5. Confuse the POLITICAL/CONSTITUTIONAL meaning of words with the civil STATUTORY context. For instance, asking on government forms whether you are a POLITICAL/CONSTITUTIONAL citizen and then FALSELY PRESUMING that you are a STATUTORY citizen under 8 U.S.C. §1401.
6. Confuse the words “domicile” and “residence” or impute either to you without satisfying the burden of proving that you EXPRESSLY CONSENTED to it and thereby illegally kidnap your civil legal identity against your will. One can have only one “domicile” but many “residences” and BOTH require your consent. See: Why Domicile and Becoming a “taxpayer” Require Your Consent, Form #05.002 DIRECT LINK: http://sedm.org/Forms/MemLaw/Domicile.pdf FORMS PAGE: http://sedm.org/Forms/FormIndex.htm
7. Add things or classes of things to the meaning of statutory terms that do not EXPRESSLY appear in their definitions, in violation of the rules of statutory construction. See: Meaning of the Words “includes” and “including”, Form #05.014 DIRECT LINK: http://sedm.org/Forms/MemLaw/Includes.pdf FORMS PAGE: http://sedm.org/Forms/FormIndex.htm
8. Refuse to allow the jury to read the definitions in the law and then give them a definition that is in conflict with the statutory definition. This substitutes the JUDGES will for what the law expressly says and thereby substitutes PUBLIC POLICY for the written law.
9. Publish deceptive government publications that are in deliberate conflict with what the statutes define “United States” as and then tell the public that they CANNOT rely on the publication. The IRS does this with ALL of their publications and it is FRAUD. See: Reasonable Belief About Income Tax Liability, Form #05.007 DIRECT LINK: http://sedm.org/Forms/MemLaw/ReasonableBelief.pdf FORMS PAGE: http://sedm.org/Forms/FormIndex.htm

This kind of arbitrary discretion is PROHIBITED by the Constitution, as held by the U.S. Supreme Court:

‘When we consider the nature and the theory of our institutions of government, the principles upon which they are supposed to rest, and review the history of their development, we are constrained to conclude that they do not mean to leave room for the play and action of purely personal and arbitrary power.‘ [Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356, 369 , 6 S. Sup. Ct. 1064, 1071]

Thomas Jefferson, our most revered founding father, precisely predicted the above abuses when he said:

“It has long been my opinion, and I have never shrunk from its expression,… that the germ of dissolution of our Federal Government is in the constitution of the Federal Judiciary–an irresponsible body (for impeachment is scarcely a scare-crow), working like gravity by night and by day, gaining a little today and a little tomorrow, and advancing its noiseless step like a thief over the field of jurisdiction until all shall be usurped from the States and the government be consolidated into one. To this I am opposed.“ [Thomas Jefferson to Charles Hammond, 1821. ME 15:331] “Contrary to all correct example, [the Federal judiciary] are in the habit of going out of the question before them, to throw an anchor ahead and grapple further hold for future advances of power. They are then in fact the corps of sappers and miners, steadily working to undermine the independent rights of the States and to consolidate all power in the hands of that government in which they have so important a freehold estate.“ [Thomas Jefferson: Autobiography, 1821. ME 1:121] “The judiciary of the United States is the subtle corps of sappers and miners constantly working under ground to undermine the foundations of our confederated fabric. They are construing our Constitution from a co-ordination of a general and special government to a general and supreme one alone. This will lay all things at their feet, and they are too well versed in English law to forget the maxim, ‘boni judicis est ampliare jurisdictionem.‘” [Thomas Jefferson to Thomas Ritchie, 1820. ME 15:297] “When all government, domestic and foreign, in little as in great things, shall be drawn to Washington as the center of all power, it will render powerless the checks provided of one government on another and will become as venal and oppressive as the government from which we separated.“ [Thomas Jefferson to Charles Hammond, 1821. ME 15:332] “What an augmentation of the field for jobbing, speculating, plundering, office-building ["trade or business" scam] and office-hunting would be produced by an assumption [PRESUMPTION] of all the State powers into the hands of the General Government!” [Thomas Jefferson to Gideon Granger, 1800. ME 10:168]