Saturday, April 16, 2016

Vaccine Ingredients and Manufacturer Information - Vaccines - ProCon.org

Vaccine Ingredients and Manufacturer Information
(alphabetical order by vaccine)

We have listed vaccine ingredients (substances that appear in the final vaccine product), process ingredients (substances used to create the vaccine that may or may not appear in the final vaccine product), and growth mediums (the substances vaccines are grown in) for 31 vaccines commonly recommended by the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC.) Controversial products used to make vaccines: African Green Monkey (Vero) cells, aluminum, cow products, Cocker Spaniel cells, formaldehyde, human fetal lung tissue cells, insect products, and mouse brains.

Though not listed, each vaccine contains strains of the virus being vaccinated against. Each vaccine entry links to the manufacturer's package insert that contains information about dosage, ingredient quantity, and how the vaccine is made. Some vaccines, like influenza vaccines, are modified frequently and you may wish to consult the package inserts online and your doctor for the most current information.
vaccine syringe vials
I. Vaccines and Ingredients
II. Glossary and Details for Ingredients
III. Sources

I. VACCINES AND INGREDIENTS
1. Adenovirus
2. Anthrax
3. BCG (tuberculosis)
4. DT (diphtheria & tetanus)
5. DTap (diptheria, tetanus, & pertussis)
6. DTap-IPV (diptheria, tetanus, pertussis, & polio)
7. DTap-HepB-IPV (diptheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, & polio)
8. DTap-IPV/Hib (diptheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, & haemophilus influenzae type B)
9. Hib (haemophilus influenzae type B)
10. Hib/Hep B (haemophilus influenzae type B & hepatitis B)
11. Hep A (hepatitis A)
12.Hep B (hepatitis B)
13. Hep A/Hep B (hepatitis A & hepatitis B)
14. HPV (human papillomavirus)
15. Influenza
16. Japanese Encephalitis
17. Measles
18. Meningococcal
19. MMR (measles, mumps, & rubella)

20. Pneumococcal
21. Polio
22. Rabies
23.
Rotavirus
24. Rubella
25. Smallpox

26. TD (tetanus & diphtheria)
27.
Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, & pertussis)
28. Typhoid
29. Varicella (chickenpox)
30. Yellow Fever
31. Zoster (shingles)


 1. Adenovirus Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Adenovirus Type 4 and Type 7 Vaccine, Live, Oral
--
Barr Labs/Teva Pharmaceuticals (under contract with US Army)
Mar. 2011
human-diploid fibroblast cell cultures (WI-38), Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium, fetal bovine serum, sodium bicarbonate sucrose, D-mannose, D-fructose, dextrose, potassium phosphate, plasdone C, anhydrous lactose, micro crystalline cellulose, polacrilin potassium, magnesium stearate, cellulose acetate phthalate, alcohol, acetone, castor oil, FD&C Yellow #6 aluminum lake dye, human serum albumin

 2. Anthrax Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Anthrax Vaccine Absorbed
Biothrax
Emergent Biosolutions
Dec. 2008
amino acids, vitamins, inorganic salts and sugars aluminum hydroxide, benzethonium chloride, formaldehyde

 3. BCG Vaccine
(tuberculosis)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
BCG Live
Tice BCG
Organon Teknika Corp.
Feb. 2009
glycerin, asparagine, citric acid, potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, iron ammonium citrate lactose, saline

 4. DT Vaccine
(diphtheria & tetanus)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids Absorbed
--
Sanofi Pasteur, Ltd.
Dec. 2005
peptone, bovine extract, modified Mueller and Miller medium aluminum sulfate, formaldehyde, thimerosal (trace)

 5. DTap Vaccine
(diphtheria, tetanus, & pertussis)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Accellular Pertussis Vaccine Absorbed
Daptacel
Sanofi Pasteur, Ltd.
July 2011
Stainer-Scholte medium, modified Mueller’s growth medium, modified Mueller-Miller casamino acid medium (without beef heart infusion), casamino acids, dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin, aluminum sulfate, aluminum phosphate aluminum phosphate, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, 2-Phenoxyethanol
Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Absorbed
Infanrix
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
Nov. 2011
formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, Fenton medium (containing bovine extract), modified Latham medium (derived from bovine casein), modified Stainer-Scholte liquid medium aluminum hydroxide, polysorbate 80, sodium chloride, formaldehyde
Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Absorbed
Tripedia
Sanofi Pasteur, Inc.
Dec. 2005
sodium phosphate, peptone-based medium, bovine extract (US sourced), formaldehyde, ammonium sulfate, aluminum potassium sulfate, modified Mueller and Miller medium, modified Stainer-Scholte medium, isotonic sodium, chloride solution, sodium phosphate thimerosal (trace), gelatin, polysorbate 80 (Tween 80), formaldehyde, aluminum

 6. DTap-IPV Vaccine
(diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, & polio)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Adsorbed and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine
Kinrix
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
Nov. 2011
formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, aluminum hydroxide, Vero cells, calf serum, lactalbumin hydrolysate, Fenton medium (containing bovine extract), modified Latham medium (derived from bovine casein), modified Stainer-Scholte liquid medium polysorbate 80 (Tween 80), neomycin sulfate, polymyxin B, aluminum hydroxide, sodium chloride, formaldehyde

 7. DTap-HepB-IPV Vaccine
(diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, & polio)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Adsorbed, Hepatitis B (Recombinant) and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Combined
Pediarix
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
Nov. 2011
formaldehyde, gluteraldehyde, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum phosphate, lactalbumin hydrolysate, calf serum, Fenton medium (containing bovine extract), modified Latham medium (derived from bovine casein), modified Stainer-Scholte liquid medium, Vero cells polysorbate 80 (Tween 80), neomycin sulfate, polymyxin B, yeast protein, aluminum salts, sodium chloride, formaldehyde

 8. DTap-IPV/Hib Vaccine
(diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, & haemophilus influenzae type B)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Adsorbed, Inactivated Poliovirus and Haemophilus b Conjugate (Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate) Vaccine
Pentacel
Sanofi Pasteur, Inc.
July 2011
aluminum phosphate, formaldehyde, gutaraldehyde, 2-phenoxethanol, Mueller’s Growth Medium, Mueller-Miller casamino acid medium (without beef heart infusion), Stainer-Scholte medium, casamino acids, dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin), MRC-5 cells, CMRL 1969 medium (supplemented with calf serum), ammonium sulfate, water polysorbate 80, bovine serum albumin, neomycin, polymyxin B sulfate, aluminum phosphate, formaldehyde, 2-phenoxethanol

 9. Hib Vaccine
(haemophilus influenzae type B)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine (Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate)
ActHIB
Sanofi Pasteur, Inc.
May 2009
ammonium sulfate, formalin, Modified Mueller and Miller medium, saline diluent, formaldehyde sucrose, purified capsular polysaccharide
Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine (Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate)
Hiberix
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
Dec. 2010
formaldehyde, synthetic medium, semi-synthetic medium lactose, sodium chloride, formaldehyde, purified capsular polysaccharide
Haemophilus B Conjugate Vaccine (Meningococcal Protein Conjugate)
Liquid PedvaxHIB
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.
Dec. 2010
complex fermentation media, ethanol amorphous aluminum hydroxphosphate sulfate, sodium chloride

 10. Hib/Hep B Vaccine
(haemophilus influenzae type B & hepatitis B)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Haemophilus b Conjugate (Meningococcal Protein Conjugate) and Hepatitis B (Recombinant) Vaccine
COMVAX
Merck & Co., Inc.
Dec. 2010
yeast (vaccine contains no detectable yeast DNA), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, hemin chloride, soy peptone, dextrose, mineral salts, amino acids, formaldehyde, potassium aluminum sulfate, amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate, sodium borate aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulphate, sodium chloride, formaldehyde

 11. Hep A Vaccine
(hepatitis A)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)

Hepatitis A Vaccine, Inactivated
Havrix
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
July 2011
MRC-5 cells, formaldehyde aluminum hydroxide, amino acid supplement, polysorbate 20, formalin, neomycin sulfate, phosphate buffered saline, residual MRC-5 cellular proteins, aminoglycoside antibiotic

Hepatitis A Vaccine, Inactivated
VAQTA
Merck & Co., Inc.
Dec. 2010
amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate, formaldehyde, neomycin, MRC-5 fibroblasts bovine albumin, sodium borate, formaldehyde, non-viral proteins, sodium chloride, neomycin

 12. Hep B Vaccine
(hepatitis B)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant)
Engerix-B
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
Oct. 2011
-- aluminum hydroxide, yeast protein, phosphate buffers, sodium chloride, disodium phosphate, dihydrate, sodium dihydrogen
Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant)
Recombivax
Merck & Co., Inc.
July 2011
yeast protein, soy peptone, dextrose, amino acids, mineral salts, potassium aluminum sulfate, amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate, formaldehyde formaldehyde, yeast protein

 13. Hep A/Hep B Vaccine
(hepatitis A & hepatitis B)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Hepatitis A Inactivated & Hepatitis B (Recombinant) Vaccine
Twinrix
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
Nov. 2011
yeast protein, aluminum phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, amino acids, phosphate buffer, polysorbate 20, MRC-5 cells, formaldehyde, sodium chloride neomycin sulfate, MRC-5 cell proteins, formaldehyde, yeast protein, water

 14. HPV Vaccine
(human papillomavirus)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Human Papillomavirus Bivalent (Types 16 and 18) Vaccine, Recombinant
Cervarix
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
July 2011
vitamins, amino acids, lipids, mineral salts, aluminum (as hydroxide salt), sodium dihydrogen phosphate dehydrate, insect cell and viral protein, sodium chloride, water, aluminum hydroxide, bacterial cell protein
Human Papillomavirus Quadrivalent (Types 6, 11, 16, 18) Vaccine, Recombinant
Gardasil
Merck & Co., Inc.
Mar. 2011
yeast protein, vitamins, amino acids, mineral salts, carbohydrates, amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate, aluminum-containing adjuvant L-histidine, polysorbate 80, sodium borate, amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate adjuvant, sodium chloride, yeast protein, water

 15. Influenza Vaccine
(Flu)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Influenza Virus Vaccine
Afluria
CSL Limited
Apr. 2013
beta-propiolactone, sodium taurodeoxycholate, allantoic fluid of embryonated chicken eggs, sucrose density agent, phosphate buffered isotonic solution thimerosol (multi-dose vials only), monobasic sodium phosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate, monobasic potassium phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium taurodeoxycholate, neomycin sulfate, polymyxin B, ovalbumin, mercury, sodium, chloride, beta-propiolacton
Influenza Virus Vaccine
Agriflu
Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc.
Feb. 21, 2013
kanamycin, neomycin sulfate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, allantoic cavity of embryonated hens' eggs formaldehyde, egg protein, polysorbate 80, CTAB, neomycin, kanmycin
Influenza Virus Vaccine
Fluarix Quadrivalent
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
May 2013
embryonated chicken eggs, sodium phosphate-buffered isotonic sodium chloride solution, sodium deoxycholate, formaldehyde, octoxynol-10 (Triton X-100), a-tocopheryl hydrogen succinate, polysorbate 80 (Tween 80), hydrocortisone, gentamicin sulfate, ovalbumin, hydrocortisone, formaldehyde, sodium deoxycholate
Influenza Vaccine
Flublok
Protein Sciences Corporation
Oct. 2013
HA insect cell (fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda) proteins, lipids, vitamins, amino acids, mineral salts sodium chloride, monobasic sodium phosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate, polysorbate 20 (Tween 20), host cell proteins, baculovirus, Triton X-100
Influenza Virus Vaccine
Flucelvax
Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics Limited
Feb. 2013
Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells, B-propiolactone, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide residual MDCK cell protein, other cell proteins, MDCK cell DNA, polysorbate 80, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, B-propiolactone
Influenza Virus Vaccine
FluLaval
ID Biomedical Corporation of Quebec
2013-2014
allantoic cavity of embryonated hens' eggs, formaldehyde, sodium deocycholate phosphate-buffered saline solution, thimerosal, ovalbumin, formaldehyde, sodium deoxycholate
Influenza Vaccine Live, Intranasal
FluMist Quadrivalent
MedImmune, LLC
2012-2014
SPF (specific pathogen-free) eggs, stabilizing buffer monosodium glutamate, hydrolyzed porcine gelatin, arginine, sucrose, dibasic potassium phosphate, monobasic potassium phosphate, ovalbumin, gentamicin sulfate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
Influenza Virus Vaccine
Fluvirin
Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics Limited
Feb. 26, 2013
allantoic cavity of embryonated hens' eggs, neomycin, polymyxin, betapropiolactone, nonylphenol ethoxylate, phosphate-buffered saline, thimerosal, egg proteins, polymyxin, neomycin, betapropiolactone, nonylphenol ethoxylate
Influenza Virus Vaccine
Fluzone: Standard, High Dose, & Intradermal
Sanofi Pasteur, Inc.
June 2013
embryonated chicken eggs, Octylphenol Ethoxylate (Triton X-100), sodium phosphate-buffered isotonic sodium chloride solution, formaldehyde formaldehyde, octylphenol ethoxylate (Triton X-100), sodium phosphate-buffered isotonic sodium chloride solution, gelatin (standard formulation only), thimerosal (standard dosage multi-dose vial only)

 16. Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine, Inactivated, Adsorbed
Ixiaro
Intercell Biomedical
Sep. 2010
Vero cells, protamine sulfate, formaldehyde, aluminum hydroxide aluminum hydroxide, formaldehyde, bovine serum albumin, host cell DNA, sodium metabisulphate, host cell proteins, protamine sulphate
Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine, Inactivated
JE-Vax
Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University
Dec. 2005
mice (brains are innoculated with the virus), phosphate-buffered saline, formaldehyde, 40% w/v sucrose thimerosal, Sterile Water for Injection, gelatin, formaldehyde, v/v Polysorbate 80, mouse serum protein

 17. Measles Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Measles Virus Vaccine, Live
Attenuvax
Merck &Co., Inc.
Feb. 2006
chick embryo cell culture, buffered salt solution, vitamins, amino acides, fetal bovine serum, SPGA (sucrose, phosphate, gluatamate, human albumin), neomycin sorbitol, sodium phosphate, sucrose, sodium, chloride, hydrolyzed gelatin, human albumin, fetal bovine serum, neomycin, other buffer and media ingredients

 18. Meningococcal Vaccine
(meningitis)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Meningococcal Polysaccharide (Serogroups A, C, Y and W-135) Diphtheria Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine
MCV4-Menactra
Sanofi Pasteur Inc.
Nov. 2011
Mueller Hinton agar, Watson Scherp media, Mueller and Miller medium, formaldehyde, ammonium sulfate formaldehyde, sodium phosphate buffered isotonic sodium chloride solution,
Meningococcal Groups C and Y and Haemophilus b Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine
MenHibrix
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
2012
synthetic medium, formaldehyde, sucrose, saline diluent Tris (trometamol)-HCL, sucrose, residual formaldehyde
Meningococcal (Groups A, C, Y, and W-135) Oligosaccharide Diphtheria CRM197 Conjugate Vaccine
Menveo
Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc.
Mar. 2011
Franz Complete medium, formaldehyde, CY medium (contains yeast extracts and amino acids), formaldehyde
Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine, Groups A, C, Y, W135 Combined
Menomune-A/C/Y/W-135
Sanofi Pasteur Inc.
Jan. 2009
Mueller Hinton casein agar, Watson Scherp casamino acid media distilled water, thimersol, polysaccharide from serogroups A, C, Y, and w-135, mercury, lactose

 19. MMR Vaccine
(measles, mumps, & rubella)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Vaccine, Live
M-M-R-II
Merck and Co., Inc.
Dec. 2010
chick embryo cell culture, WI-38 human diploid lung fibroblasts, Medium 199 (containing vitamins, amino acids, fetal bovine serum, SPGA (sucrose, phosphate, glutamate, recomninant human albumin), neomycin), Minimum Essential Medium (containing vitamins, amino acids, fetal bovine serum, recombinant human albumin, neomycin), sorbitol, hydrolyzed gelatin stabilizer sorbitol, sodium phosphate, sucrose, sodium chloride, hydrolyzed gelatin, recombinant human albumin, fetal bovine serum, other buffer and media ingredients, neomycin
Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Virus Vaccine Live
ProQuad, Refrigerator Stable Formulation and Frozen Formulation
Merck and Co., Inc.
Aug. 2011
chick embryo cell culture, WI-38 human diploid lung fibroblasts, MRC-5 cells, bovine serum, human albumin sucrose, hydrolized gelatin, urea, sodium chloride, sorbitol, monodium L-glutamate, sodium phosphate, human albumin, sodium bicarbonate, potassium phosphate, potassium chloride, residual components of MRC-5 cells (including DNA and protein), neomycin, bovine serum albumin, other buffer and media ingredients, sodium phosphate dibasic, potassium phosphate monobasic, potassium phosphate dibasic

 20. Pneumococcal Vaccine
(pneumonia)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Pneumococcal 7-valent Conjugate Vaccine (Diphtheria CRM197 Protein)
Prevnar
Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Mar. 2009
soy peptone broth, casamino acids and yeast extract-based medium, ammonium sulfate, saccharides aluminum (as aluminum phosphate adjuvant)
Pneumococcal 13-valent Conjugate Vaccine (Diphtheria CRM197 Protein)
Prevnar 13
Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Jan. 2012
soy peptone broth, casamino acids and yeast extract-based medium, ammonium sulfate polysorbate 80, succinate buffer, aluminum (as aluminum phosphate adjuvant)
Pneumococcal Vaccine, Polyvalent
Pneumovax-23
Merck & Co., Inc.
Oct. 2011
-- isotonic saline solution, phenol

 21. Polio Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Poliovirus Vaccine Inactivated (Monkey Kidney Cell)
IPOL
Sanofi Pasteur, SA
Dec. 2005
Vero cells, Eagle MEM modified medium, newborn calf serum, M-199 (without calf serum) 2-phenoxyethanol, formaldehyde, neomycin, streptomycin, polymyxin B, residual calf serum

 22. Rabies Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Rabies Vaccine
IMOVAX
Sanofi Pasteur, SA
Dec. 2005
MRC-5 cells, beta-propiolactone human albumin, neomycin sulfate, phenol red indicator, beta-propiolactone
Rabies Vaccine
RabAvert
Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics
Oct. 2006
chicken fibroblasts, synthetic cell culture medium, human albumin, polygeline (processed bovine gelatin), antibiotics, B-propiolactone, sucrose density-gradient, buffered polygeline, potassium glutamate polygeline (processed bovine gelatin), human serum albumin, potassium glutamate, sodium EDTA, bovine serum, chicken protein, neomycin, chlortracycline, amphotericin B, Water for Injection

 23. Rotavirus Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Rotavirus Vaccine, Live, Oral, Pentavalent
RotaTeq
Merck & Co., Inc.
Sep. 2011
Vero cells, buffered stabilizer, porcine-derived materials sucrose, sodium citrate, sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate, sodium hydroxide, polysorbate 80, cell culture media, fetal bovine serum (trace), DNA for porcine circoviruses
Rotavirus Vaccine, Live, Oral
Rotarix
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
Feb. 2011
Vero cells, porcine-derived materials amino acids, dextran, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, ferric (III) nitrate, sodium phosphate, sodium pyruvate, D-glucose, concentrated vitamin solution, L-cystine, L-tyrosine, amino acids solution, L-glutamine, calcium chloride, sodium hydrogenocarbonate, phenol red), sorbitol, sucrose, calcium carbonate, sterile water, xanthan

 24. Rubella Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Rubella Virus Vaccine Live
MERUVAX II
Merck & Co., Inc.
Feb. 2006
WI-38 human diploid lung fibroblasts, Minimum Essential Medium (MEM; buffered salt solution (vitamins, amino acids, bovine serum), human serum albumin, neomycin), sorbitol, hydrolyzed gelatin stabilizer sorbitol, sodium phosphate, sucrose, sodium chloride, hydrolyzed gelatin, human albumin, fetal bovine serum, other buffer and media ingredients, neomycin

 25. Smallpox Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Smallpox (Vaccinia) Vaccine, Live
ACAM2000
Sanofi Pasteur Biologics Co.
Aug. 2007
Vero cells, human serum albumin, sodium chloride, mannitol USP, meomycin, polymyxin B glycerin USP, phenol USP in Water for Injection USP

 26. TD Vaccine
(tetanus & diphtheria)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoids Adsorbed For Adult Use
DECAVAC
Sanofi Pasteur, Inc.
Mar. 2011
Mueller and Miller medium, peptone-based medium, extract of bovine muscle tissue, formaldehyde, ammonium sulfate thimerosal, aluminum potassium sulfate adjuvant, residual formaldehyde
Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoids Adsorbed For Adult Use
TENIVAC
Sanofi Pasteur, Ltd.
Dec. 2010
modified Mueller-Miller casamino acid medium without beef heart infusion, formaldehyde, ammonium sulfate, modified Mueller's growth medium, aluminum phosphate, 2-phenoxyethanol, sodium chloride aluminum phosphate, residual formaldehyde, 2-phenoxyethanol, sodium chloride, water for injection
Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoids, Adsorbed
--
Mass Biologics
Feb. 2011
modified Mueller's media (contains bovine extracts), formaldehyde, ammonium sulfate, aluminum phosphate aluminum adjuvant, residual formaldehyde, thimerosal
Tetanus Toxoid
--
Sanofi Pasteur, Inc.
Dec. 2005
peptone-based medium, formaldehyde, ammonium sulfate, physiological saline solution thimerosal, formaldehyde
Tetanus Toxoid Absorbed
--
Sanofi Pasteur, Inc.
July 2005
peptone-based medium (contains extract of bovine muscle tissue), formaldehyde, ammonium sulfate, aluminum potassium sulfate (alum) thimerosal, physiological saline solution

 27. Tdap Vaccine
(tetanus, diphtheria, & pertussis)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine, Adsorbed
Adacel
Sanofi Pasteur, Ltd.
Dec. 2010
Stainer-Scholte medium, casamino acids, dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin, glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, aluminum phosphate, modified Mueller-Miller casamino acid medium without beef heart infusion, ammonium sulfate, 2-phenoxyethanol, water for injection aluminum phosphate, residual formaldehyde, residual glutaraldehyde, 2-phenoxyethanol
Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine, Adsorbed
Boostrix
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals
Jan. 2012
modified Latham medium derived from bovine casein, Fenton medium containing bovine extract, formaldehyde, Stainer-Scholte liquid medium, glutaraldehyde, aluminum hydroxide aluminum hydroxide, sodium chloride, residual formaldehyde, polysorbate 80 (Tween 80)

 28. Typhoid Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Typhoid Vi Polysaccharide Vaccine
Typhim Vi
Sanofi Pasteur SA
Dec. 2005
semi-synthetic medium without animal proteins, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide residual polydimethylsoloxane or fatty-acid ester-cased antifoam, isotonic phosphate buffered saline, sodium chloride, disodium phosphate, monosodium phosphate, sterile water for injection
Typhoid Vaccine Live Oral Ty21a
Vivotif
Berna Biotech, Ltd.
Aug. 2006
yeast extract, casein, dextrose, and galactose, sucrose, ascorbic acid, amino acids, lactose, magnesium stearate sucrose, ascorbic acid, amino acid mixture, lactose, magnesium stearate

 29. Varicella Vaccine
(chickenpox)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Varicella Virus Vaccine, Live
Varivax, Frozen and Refigerated
Merck & Co., Inc.
Aug. 2011
human embryonic lung cell cultures, embryonic guinea pig cell cultures, WI-38 human diploid cell cultures, MRC-5 human diploid cell cultures, sucrose, phosphate, glutamate, processed gelatin, urea sucrose, hydrolyzed gelatin, urea, sodium chloride, monosodium L-glutamate, sodium phosphate dibasic, potassium phosphate monobasic, potassium chloride, residual components of MRC-5 cells (DNA, protein), neomycin, bovine calf serum, sodium phosphate monobasic, EDTA, fetal bovine serum

 30. Yellow Fever Vaccine
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Yellow Fever Vaccine
YF-Vax
Sanofi Pasteur, Inc.
Jan. 2010
living avian leukosis virus-free (ALV-free) chicken embryos sorbitol, gelatin

 31. Zoster Vaccine
(shingles)
PROPER NAME
COMMERCIAL NAME
(click for package insert)
MANUFACTURER
PACKAGE INSERT DATE
GROWTH MEDIUMS & PROCESS INGREDIENTS VACCINE INGREDIENTS
(not in order of quantity; see package insert for quantities)
Zoster Vaccine, Live
Zostavax
Merck & Co., Inc.
June 2011
-- sucrose, hydrolyzed porcine gelatin, sodium chloride, monosodium L-glutamate, sodium phosphate dibasic, potassium phosphate monobasic, potassium chloride, residual components of MRC-5 cells (DNA, protein), neomycin, bovine calf serum


vaccine syringe apple


 II. GLOSSARY AND DETAILS FOR INGREDIENTS

Product Possible Ingredients*
2-Phenoxyethanol 2-Phenoxyethanol is a glycol either used as a preservative in vaccines
Aluminum Aluminum is used in vaccines as an adjuvant, which helps the vaccine work more quickly and more powerfully.
Bovine casein A casein is a family of phosphoproteins commonly found in mammalian milk. 80% of the proteins in cow's milk are casein.
Bovine serum Bovine "[s]erum is the centrifuged fluid component of either clotted or defibrinated whole blood. Bovine serum comes from blood taken from domestic cattle. Serum from other animals is also collected and processed but bovine serum is processed in the greatest volume."

"Bovine serum is a by-product of the meat industry. Bovine blood may be taken at the time of slaughter, from adult cattle, calves, very young calves or (when cows that are slaughtered are subsequently found to be pregnant) from bovine fetuses. It is also obtained from what are called 'donor' animals, which give blood more than once.

Blood is available from bovine fetuses only because a proportion of female animals that are slaughtered for meat for human consumption are found (often unexpectedly) to be pregnant.

Blood is available from very young calves because calves, especially males from dairy breeds, are often slaughtered soon, but not necessarily immediately, after birth because raising them will not be economically beneficial. Older animals are, of course, slaughtered for meat.

Only donor cattle are raised for the purpose of blood donation. Donor cattle are invariably kept in specialized, controlled herds. Blood is taken from these animals in a very similar way to that used for human blood donation.

Irrespective of whether blood is taken at slaughter or from donors, the age of the animal is an important consideration because it impacts the characteristics of the serum.

Bovine serum is categorised according to the age of the animal from which the blood was
collected as follows:
•'Fetal bovine serum' comes from fetuses
•'Newborn calf serum' comes from calves less than three weeks old
•'Calf serum' comes from calves aged between three weeks and 12 months
•'Adult bovine serum' comes from cattle older than 12 months

Serum processed from donor blood is termed 'donor bovine serum'. Donor animals can be up to three years old."
Chicken Eggs Viruses can be grown in chicken eggs before being used in vaccinations.
CMRL-1969 L-alanine, L-arginine (free base)b, L-aspartic acid, L-cysteine-HCL, L-cystine, L-glutamic acid-H20, L-gluatamine, gylcine, L-histidine (free base)b, L-hydroxyproline, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-serine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, L-valine, p-aminobenzoic acid, ascorbic acid, d-biotin, calcium pantothenate, cholesterol, choline chloride, ethanol, folic acid, glutathione, i-inositol, menadione, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, pyridoxal-HCL, pyridoxine-HCL, riboflavine, riboflavine-5-phosphate, sodium acetate-3H2O, thiamine-HCL, Tween 80, vitamin A acetate, vitamin D (calciferol), vitamin E (a-tocopherol phosphate), D-glucose, phenol red, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium culphate heptahydrate, sodium phosphate dibasic, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, monopotassium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, iron nitrate nonahydrate
Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Serum glucose, sodium bicarbonate, L-glutamine, pyridoxine HCl, pyridocal HCl, folic acid, phenol red, HEPES (2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid), L-methionine, L-cystine, sodium phosphate mono-basic, sodium pyruvate, vitamins
Earle's Balanced Salt Medium inorganic salts, D-glucose, phenol red, calcium, magnesium salts
Fenton Medium bovine extract
Formaldehyde Formaldehyde is used in vaccines to inactivate the virus so the person being innoculated does not contract the disease
Human albumin Human albumin is a blood plasma protein produced in the liver that, among other functions, transports hormones, fatty acids, and other compounds, and buffers pH.
Insect Cells Cabbage moth and fall armyworm cells are used to grown viruses for vaccines
Latham Medium bovine casein
MDCK (Madin-Carby canine kidney cells) cells from normal female adult Cocker Spaniel (harvested in 1958 by SH Madin and NB Darby), EMEM(EBSS) (Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium wth Earle's Balanced Salt Solution), glutamine, non essential amino acids, foetal bovine serum
Mouse Brains Live mice brains are innoculated with the Japanese encephalitis virus to grow the virus used in the vaccine
MRC-5 Medical Research Council 5, human diploid cells (cells containing two sets of chromosomes) derived from the normal lung tissues of a 14-week-old male fetus aborted for "psychiatric reasons" in 1966 in the United Kingdom, Earle's Basal Medium in Earle's balanced salt solution with bovine serum.
Mueller Hinton Agar beef extract, acid hydroysate of casein, starch, agar
Muller-Miller Medium glucose, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate dibasic, monopotassium, phosphate, magnesium sulfate hydrate, ferrous sulfate heptaphydrate, cystine hydrochloride, tyrosine hydrochloride, urasil hydrochloride, Ca-pantothenate in ethanol, thiamine in ethanol, pyridoxin-hydrochloride in ethanol, riboflavin in ethanol, biotin in ethanol, sodium hydroxide, beef heart infusion (de-fatted beef heart and distilled water), casein solution
Polysorbate 80 Also called Tween 80, Alkest 80, or Canarcel 80 (brand names). Polysorbate 80 is used as an excipient (something to basically thicken a vaccine for proper dosing) and an emulsifier (something to bond the ingredients)
Porcine gelatin Gelatin is used to protect viruses in vaccines from freeze-drying or heat and to stabilize vaccines so they stay stable
Stainer-Scholte Liquid Medium tris hydrochloride, tris base, glutamate (monosodium salt), proline, salt, monopotassium phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, asorbic acid, niacin, glutathione
Thimerosal Thimerosal is an organomercury compound used as a preservative
Vero Cells (African Green Monkey Cells) cells derived from the kidney of a normal, adult African Green monkey in 1962 by Y. Yasumura and Y. Kawakita
WI-38 human diploid cells Winstar Institute 38, human diploid lung fibroblasts derived from the lung tissues of a female fetus aborted because the family felt they had too many children in 1964 in the United States
*Ingredients depend on which modification is used.



vaccine syringe vials

 III. SOURCES

Acumedia Manufacturers, "Mueller Hinton Agar (7101)," www.neogen.com, June 2011

Atlanta Biologicals, "Earle's Balanced Salt Solution (EBSS)," www.atlantabio.com, 2010

CDC, "Basics and Common Questions: Ingredients of Vaccines - Fact Sheet," www.cdc.gov, Feb. 22, 2011

FDA, "Vaccines Licensed for Immunization and Distribution in the US with Supporting Documents," www.fda.gov, Nov. 21, 2012

Health Protection Agency, "General Cell Collection: MDCK," www.hpacultures.org.uk, 2011

G.M. Healy, S. Teleki, A.V. Seefried, M.J. Walton, and H.G. Macmorine, "Improved Chemically Defined Basal Medium (CMRL-1969) for Primary Monkey Kidney and Human Diploid Cells," Applied and Environmental Mircobiology, www.aem.asm.org, 1971

International Serum Industry Association, "FAQ," www.serumindustry.org/faq, 2013

Pontifical Academy on Life, "Moral Reflections on Vaccines Prepared From Cells Derived From Aborted Human Foetuses," www.immunize.org/concerns/vaticandocument.htm, June 9, 2005

Rebecca Sheets, "History and Characterization of the Vero Cell Line," www.fda.gov, May 12, 2000

Sigma-Aldrich, "DMEM," www.sigmaaldrich.com, 2013

Alison Weiss, "The Genus Bordetella," The Prokaryotes: A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria," Ed. Martin M. Dworkin, Stanley Falkow, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, and Erko Stackebrandt, 2006.

World Health Organization, "Production and Control of Tetanus Vaccine: A Training Curriculum, Module III: Principles of Tetanus Vaccine Production," www.who.int, Sep. 3, 1999

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