Paris Agreement - Status of Ratification

Paris Agreement - Status of Ratification
http://unfccc.int/paris_agreement/items/9444.php
97 97 Parties have ratified of 197 Parties to the Convention On 5 October 2016, the threshold for entry into force of the Paris Agreement was achieved. The Paris Agreement entered into force on 4 November 2016. The first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA1) will take place in Marrakech in conjunction with COP 22 and CMP 12. More information available soon. The Paris Agreement  entered into force on 4 November 2016, thirty days after the date on which at least 55 Parties to the Convention accounting in total for at least an estimated 55 % of the total global greenhouse gas emissions have deposited their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession with the Depositary. The list below contains the latest information concerning dates of signature and receipt of instruments of ratification by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, as Depositary of the Kyoto Protocol. The dates in the third column are those of the receipt of the instrument of ratification, acceptance (A) or approval (AA). Authoritative information on the status of the Paris Agreement, including information on signatories to the Agreement, ratification and entry into force, is provided by the Depositary, through the United Nations Treaty Collection website, which can be accessed here, and the Depositary Notifications which are available here. Background information related to the ratification, acceptance, approval or accession of the Paris Agremeent, as well as its entry into force can be found here.
Paris Agreement
Paris, 12 December 2015
Entry into force: 4 November 2016 Status: Signatories: 193. Parties: 97 Note: The Paris Agreement was adopted on 12 December 2015 at the twenty-first session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change held in Paris from 30 November to 13 December 2015. In accordance with its article 20, the Agreement shall be open for signature at the United Nations Headquarters in New York from 22 April 2016 until 21 April 2017 by States and regional economic integration organizations that are Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Participant Signature Ratification Acceptance (A) Approval (AA) AFGHANISTAN 22 Apr 2016 ALBANIA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 ALGERIA 22 Apr 2016 20 Oct 2016 ANDORRA 22 Apr 2016 ANGOLA 22 Apr 2016 ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 ARGENTINA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 ARMENIA 20 Sep 2016 AUSTRALIA 22 Apr 2016 AUSTRIA 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 AZERBAIJAN 22 Apr 2016 BAHAMAS 22 Apr 2016 22 Aug 2016 BAHRAIN 22 Apr 2016 BANGLADESH 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 BARBADOS 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 BELARUS 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 A BELGIUM* 22 Apr 2016 BELIZE 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 BENIN 22 Apr 2016 31 Oct 2016 BHUTAN 22 Apr 2016 BOLIVIA (PLURINATIONAL  STATE OF) 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 22 Apr 2016 BOTSWANA 22 Apr 2016 BRAZIL 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 BRUNEI DARUSSALAM 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 BULGARIA 22 Apr 2016 BURKINA FASO 22 Apr 2016 BURUNDI 22 Apr 2016 CABO VERDE 22 Apr 2016 CAMBODIA 22 Apr 2016 CAMEROON 22 Apr 2016 29 Jul 2016 CANADA 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC 22 Apr 2016 11 Oct 2016 CHAD 22 Apr 2016 CHILE 20 Sep 2016 CHINA* 22 Apr 2016 3 Sep 2016 COLOMBIA 22 Apr 2016 COMOROS 22 Apr 2016 CONGO 22 Apr 2016 COOK ISLANDS* 24 Jun 2016 1 Sep 2016 COSTA RICA 22 Apr 2016 13 Oct 2016 COTE D'IVOIRE 22 Apr 2016 25 Oct 2016 CROATIA 22 Apr 2016 CUBA 22 Apr 2016 CYPRUS 22 Apr 2016 CZECH REPUBLIC 22 Apr 2016 DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA 22 Apr 2016 1 Aug 2016 DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO 22 Apr 2016 DENMARK (1) 22 Apr 2016 1 Nov 2016 (A) DJIBOUTI 22 Apr 2016 DOMINICA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 22 Apr 2016 ECUADOR 26 July 2016 EGYPT 22 Apr 2016 EL SALVADOR 22 Apr 2016 EQUATORIAL GUINEA 22 Apr 2016 ERITREA 22 Apr 2016 ESTONIA 22 Apr 2016 ETHIOPIA 22 Apr 2016 EUROPEAN UNION* 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 FIJI 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 FINLAND 22 Apr 2016 FRANCE 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 GABON 22 Apr 2016 2 Nov 2016 GAMBIA 26 Apr 2016 GEORGIA 22 Apr 2016 GERMANY 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 GHANA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 GREECE 22 Apr 2016 14 Oct 2016 GRENADA 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 GUATEMALA 22 Apr 2016 GUINEA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 GUINEA-BISSAU 22 Apr 2016 GUYANA 22 Apr 2016 20 May 2016 HAITI 22 Apr 2016 HONDURAS 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 HUNGARY 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 ICELAND 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 A INDIA* 22 Apr 2016 2 Oct 2016 INDONESIA 22 Apr 2016 31 Oct 2016 IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF) 22 Apr 2016 IRELAND 22 Apr 2016 ISRAEL 22 Apr 2016 ITALY 22 Apr 2016 JAMAICA 22 Apr 2016 JAPAN 22 Apr 2016 JORDAN 22 Apr 2016 KAZAKHASTAN 2 Aug 2016 KENYA 22 Apr 2016 KIRIBATI 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 KUWAIT 22 Apr 2016 KYRGYZSTAN 21 Sep 2016 LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC 22 Apr 2016 7 Sep 2016 LATVIA 22 Apr 2016 LEBANON 22 Apr 2016 LESOTHO 22 Apr 2016 LIBERIA 22 Apr 2016 LIBYA 22 Apr 2016 LIECHTENSTEIN 22 Apr 2016 LITHUANIA 22 Apr 2016 LUXEMBOURG 22 Apr 2016 MADAGASCAR 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 MALAWI 20 Sep 2016 MALAYSIA 22 Apr 2016 MALDIVES 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 MALI 22 Apr 2016 23 Sep 2016 MALTA 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 MARSHALL ISLANDS* 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 MAURITANIA 22 Apr 2016 MAURITIUS 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 MEXICO* 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 MICRONESIA* (FEDERATED STATES OF) 22 Apr 2016 15 Sep 2016 MONACO 22 Apr 2016 24 Oct 2016 MONGOLIA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 MONTENEGRO 22 Apr 2016 MOROCCO 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 MOZAMBIQUE 22 Apr 2016 MYANMAR 22 Apr 2016 NAMIBIA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 NAURU* 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 NEPAL 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 NETHERLANDS 22 Apr 2016 NEW ZEALAND (2) 22 Apr 2016 4 Oct 2016 NIGER 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 NIGERIA 22 Sep 2016 NIUE* 28 Oct 2016 28 Oct 2016 NORWAY 22 Apr 2016 20 June 2016 OMAN 22 Apr 2016 PAKISTAN 22 Apr 2016 PALAU 22 Apr 2016 22 April 2016 PANAMA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 PAPUA NEW GUINEA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 PARAGUAY 22 Apr 2016 14 Oct 2016 PERU 22 Apr 2016 25 Jul 2016 PHILIPPINES 22 Apr 2016 POLAND* 22 Apr 2016 7 Oct 2016 PORTUGAL 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 QATAR 22 Apr 2016 REPUBLIC OF KOREA 22 Apr 2016 3 Nov 2016 REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA 21 Sep 2016 ROMANIA 22 Apr 2016 RUSSIAN FEDERATION 22 Apr 2016 RWANDA 22 Apr 2016 6 Oct 2016 SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS 22 Apr 2016 22 April 2016 SAINT LUCIA 22 Apr 2016 22 April 2016 SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES 22 Apr 2016 29 Jun 2016 SAMOA 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 SAN MARINO 22 Apr 2016 SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE 22 Apr 2016 2 Nov 2016 SAUDI ARABIA  3 Nov 2016  3 Nov 2016   SENEGAL 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 SERBIA 22 Apr 2016 SEYCHELLES 25 Apr 2016 29 Apr 2016 SIERRA LEONE 22 Sep 2016 1 Nov 2016 SINGAPORE 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 SLOVAKIA 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016 SLOVENIA 22 Apr 2016 SOLOMON ISLANDS* 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 SOMALIA 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 SOUTH AFRICA 22 Apr 2016 1 Nov 2016 SOUTH SUDAN 22 Apr 2016 SPAIN 22 Apr 2016 SRI LANKA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 STATE OF PALESTINE 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016 SUDAN 22 Apr 2016 SURINAME 22 Apr 2016 SWAZILAND 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 SWEDEN 22 Apr 2016 13 Oct 2016 SWITZERLAND 22 Apr 2016 TAJIKISTAN 22 Apr 2016 THAILAND 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 22 Apr 2016 TIMOR-LESTE 22 Apr 2016 TOGO 19 Sep 2016 TONGA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 22 Apr 2016 TUNISIA 22 Apr 2016 TURKEY 22 Apr 2016 TURKMENISTAN 23 Sep 2016 21 Oct 2016 TUVALU* 22 Apr 2016 22 April 2016 UGANDA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 UKRAINE 22 Apr 2016 19 Sep 2016 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 A UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND 22 Apr 2016 UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA 22 Apr 2016 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 22 Apr 2016 3 Sep 2016 A URUGUAY 22 Apr 2016 19 Oct 2016 VANUATU* 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 VENEZUELA (BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF) 22 Apr 2016 VIET NAM 22 Apr 2016 3 Nov 2016 AA YEMEN 23 Sep 2016 ZAMBIA 20 Sep 2016 ZIMBABWE 22 Apr 2016 (1) With territorial exclusion in respect of Greenland. See C.N.819.2016.TREATIES-XXVII.7.d of 1 November 2016. (2) With a territorial exclusion. See C.N.723.2016.TREATIES-XXVII.7.d of 4 October 2016.6. *Declarations (Unless otherwise indicated, the declarations were made upon ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.) Belgium Declaration made upon signature: “This signature engages also the Walloon Region, the Flemish Region and the Brussels-Capital Region.” China Declaration: In accordance with the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China and the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, the Government of the People’s Republic of China decides that the Agreement applies to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China. Cook Islands Declaration: The Government of the Cook Islands declares its understanding that acceptance of the Paris Agreement and its application shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change and that no provision in the Paris Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from principles of general international law or any claims or rights concerning compensation due to the impacts of climate change. The Government of the Cook Islands further declares that, in light of the best available scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emissions reduction obligations in the aforesaid Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent a global temperature stabilisation level at or above 1.5 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels and as a consequence, such emissions will have severe implications for our national interests. European Union Declaration: “Declaration by the Union made in accordance with Article 20(3) of the Paris Agreement The following States are at present Members of the European Union: the Kingdom of Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, Ireland, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, the Republic of Croatia, the Italian Republic, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Poland, the Portuguese Republic, Romania, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The European Union declares that, in accordance with the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 191 and Article 192(1) thereof, it is competent to enter into international agreements, and to implement the obligations resulting therefrom, which contribute to the pursuit of the following objectives: - preserving, protecting and improving the quality of the environment; - protecting human health; - prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources; - promoting measures at international level to deal with regional or worldwide environmental problems, and in particular combating climate change. … The European Union will continue to provide information, on a regular basis on any substantial modifications in the extent of its competence, in accordance with Article 20(3) of the Agreement.” India Declaration: “The Government of India declares its understanding that, as per its national laws; keeping in view its development agenda, particularly the eradication of poverty and provision of basic needs for all its citizens, coupled with its commitment to following the low carbon path to progress, and on the assumption of unencumbered availability of cleaner sources of energy and technologies and financial resources from around the world; and based on a fair and ambitious assessment of global commitment to combating climate change, it is ratifying the Paris Agreement.” Marshall Islands Declaration: “…the Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands declares its understanding that ratification of the Paris Agreement shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under any other laws, including international law, and the communication depositing the Republic's instrument of ratification shall include a declaration to this effect for international record; FURTHERMORE, the Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands declares that, in light of best scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emission reduction obligations in Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol, the Doha Amendment and the aforesaid Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent global temperature increase of 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-Industrial levels and as a consequence, will have severe implications for our national interests…” Mexico Interpretative declaration: … in accordance with their national legal framework, and in consideration of the best and most up-to-date scientific information available and incorporated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the United Mexican States understands greenhouse gas emissions to mean the release into the atmosphere of greenhouse gases and/or their precursors and aerosols into the atmosphere, including, where applicable, greenhouse compounds, within a specific area and during a specific period of time. Micronesia (Federated States of) Declaration: “The Government of the Federated States of Micronesia declares its understanding that its ratification of the Paris Agreement does not constitute a renunciation of any rights of the Government of the Federated States of Micronesia under international law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change, and that no provision in the Paris Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from principles of general international law or any claims or rights concerning compensation and liability due to the adverse effects of climate change; and The Government of the Federated States of Micronesia further declares that, in light of the best available scientific information and assessments on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emission reduction obligations in the Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent a global temperature increase above 1.5 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels, and as a consequence, such emissions will have severe implications for the national interests of the Government of the Federated States of Micronesia.” Nauru Declaration: “… the Government, of Nauru declares its understanding that the ratification of the Agreement shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning State responsibility [for] the adverse effects of climate change. FURTHER, the Government of Nauru declares that no provisions in the Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law. AND FURTHER, the Government of Nauru declares its understanding that Article 8 and decision 1/CP.21, paragraph 51 in no way limits the ability of Parties to UNFCCC or the Agreement to raise, discuss, or address any present or future concerns regarding the issues of liability and compensation. The Republic of Nauru put forth its concern intended to recognize and acknowledge its national interest...” Niue Declaration: “The Government of Niue declares its understanding that acceptance of the Paris Agreement and its application shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change and that no provision in the Paris Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from principles of general international law or any claims or rights concerning compensation due to the impacts of climate change. The Government of Niue further declares that, in light of the best available scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emissions reduction obligations in the aforesaid Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent a global temperature stabilisation level at or above 1.5 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels and as a consequence, such emissions will have severe implications for our national interests.” Poland Declaration made upon signature: “The Government of the Republic of Poland recognizes that under Article 9 paragraph 1 of the Paris Agreement developed country Parties shall provide financial resources to assist developing country Parties with respect to both mitigation and adaptation in continuation of their existing obligations under the Convention. In this context the Government of the Republic of Poland notes that Poland is a Party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change not included in Annex II.” Solomon Islands Declaration: “… the Government of Solomon Islands declares its understanding that acceptance of the aforesaid Paris Agreement shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change; FURTHER, that the Government of Solomon Islands declares that no provision in this Paris Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from principles of general international law or any claims or rights concerning compensation due to impacts of climate change; AND that the Government of Solomon Islands declares that the low ambition of the Paris Agreement and its adequacy to stabilize global temperature to safe level of below 1.5 degree Celsius, such emissions will have severe impacts and undermining our sustainable development efforts…” Tuvalu Declaration: “The Government of Tuvalu hereby notifies that it will apply the Paris Agreement provisionally as provided for in paragraph 4 of Decision 1/CP.21. […] The Government of Tuvalu further declares its understanding that acceptance of the aforesaid Paris Agreement and its provisional application shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change and that no provision in the Paris Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from principles of general international law or any claims or rights concerning compensation due to the impacts of climate change. The Government of Tuvalu further declares that, in light of the best available scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emissions reduction obligations in the aforesaid Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent a global temperature stabilisation level at or above 1.5 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels and as a consequence, such emissions will have severe implications for our national interests.” Vanuatu Declaration: “WHEREAS the Government of the Republic of Vanuatu declares its understanding that ratification of the Paris Agreement shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under any other laws, including international law, and the communication depositing the Republic’s instrument of ratification shall include a declaration to this effect for international record; FURTHERMORE, that the Government of the Republic of Vanuatu declares that, in light of best scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emission reduction obligations in Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol, the Doha Amendment and the aforesaid Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent global temperature increase of 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-Industrial levels and as a consequence, will have severe implications for our national interests...”